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Diagnóstico y borrado de discos duros

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    If you are evaluating a hard drive, this guide will show you how to do basic tests to detect common problems. ***''While these tests are not perfect, mostthey will detect MOST issues can be detected.''***
    Common drive problems include:
    * High hours (Wear and tear, increased failure risk)
    * Reallocated sectors
    * Pending reallocated sectors
    * Hidden problems
    === Why should used hard drives be checked? ===
    ***''Most failures are sudden and without warning, if not known in advance due to lack of symptoms.''*** If the machine is havinghas problems and the issue is caught early, thisit will give you time to move everything and replace the drive before it fails. While SMART can only do so much, it plays a majorsignificant role in doing this since the data can give red flagsbe used to catch a failure before it occurs.
    ***''IMPORTANT NOTE: Some hard drives have known problems (Ex:E.g., Seagate 7.01/7200.11), while others fail due to lower quality standards. In other cases (Ex:such as the WD Blue/Green drives), these aren't problematic BUT are more at risk of failure after ~5 years due to them being binned lower than say, a WD Black drive. These even when working should be wiped and replaced!While you can often reuse lower end drives such as the WD Blue series, they are not the best for reliability after accumulating thousands of hours over 3-5 years.''***
    === Guide notes ===
    * ***''While Parted Magic can be legally redistributed legally perunder the GPL, I will not point to these downloads as I cannot verify their authenticity. The ONLY source I trust is the Parted Magic website.''***
    ** ***''($15 single download w/o updates, $13 monthly/$49 yearly for subscriptions).''***
    * ***''These tests are not 100% accurate. Some problems can (and do) slip past these tests.''***
    === A word about bad sector remapping: ===
    * ***''While''*** [link|https://support.wdc.com/downloads.aspx?p=2|WD|new_window=true], [link|https://www.hgst.com/support/hard-drive-support/downloads|HGST], ***''and''*** [link|https://www.seagate.com/support/downloads/seatools/|Seagate|new_window=true] ***''offer diagnostic tools, they do not work onWILL NOT CORRECT MAJOR FAILURES ON THE HARD DRIVE. If the issue is minor, it may be patchable, but if the drive has a lot of bad sectors, the problem will likely be unfixable, and the drive will have to be replaced. Most drives with serious problems or excessively bad highcap the spare sectors. For SMALL amounts, this will work; but once you exceed at ~100 (most common drive reserve)before you will lose capacity and data in such a way it is unrecoverablefail SMART.''***
    * ***''IMPORTANT: If you can do so before testing, backupback up your system's data. This, as it can cause your drive to fail if it dies during testing if something is too far gone to correct. Drives withDO NOT FIX THE DRIVE IF THERE ARE EXCESSIVELY HIGH SMART errors SHOULD NOT BE FIXED; backupERRORS. Back up the data, replacetransfer the data, and wipe the badold drive., and replace it!''***

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      crwdns2936071:01crwdne2936071:0 — Montaje del disco duro para la prueba

      Si la unidad no está instalada en una PC, se puede utilizar un adaptador USB. Si estás utilizando un SSD M.2 (NVMe o SATA), necesitarás una carcasa diferente a la que se muestra en estas fotografías guía.

      crwdns2936071:02crwdne2936071:0 — (Ubuntu) POH/POC Testeo

      Si bien las horas altas no son una indicación de falla, las probabilidades de falla son mucho mayores..

      crwdns2936071:03crwdne2936071:0 — (Ubuntu) Sectores reasignados y pruebas SMART

      Si el recuento del sector reasignado está resaltado con un recuento alto, REEMPLAZA LA UNIDAD; ¡son propensos a fallar y a perder capacidad inesperada! Si bien SMART Extended es mejor, una prueba rápida puede ser suficiente.

      crwdns2936071:04crwdne2936071:0 — (Parted Magic) POH/POC Testeo

      Si bien muchas horas no son una indicación de falla, las probabilidades de un fallo son mucho mayores.

      crwdns2936071:05crwdne2936071:0 — (Parted Magic) Sectores reasignados y pruebas SMART

      Si Reallocated Sector Count está resaltado con un número es alto, REEMPLAZA LA UNIDAD. ¡son propensos a fallar y a perder capacidad inesperada! Si bien SMART Extended es mejor, una prueba rápida puede ser suficiente.

      crwdns2936071:06crwdne2936071:0 — (Parted Magic) Chequeo de registro de errores

      Utiliza el registro de errores y los datos SMART juntos para diagnosticar problemas de la unidad.

      crwdns2936071:07crwdne2936071:0 — (Parted Magic) Borrado de discos duros

      Cuando sea posible, evita limpiar los SSD por sectores. Esto reducirá el tiempo de vida útil de la unidad y puede ser drástico en unidades de vida útil de 75 TBW más antiguas.

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