All that was left to do was to unclip the EMI shields and remove some thermal paste to finally uncover all the chips that make the magic happen:

GoPro GP2, GoPro's custom processor that was first introduced in the HERO10 Black

Samsung KLM8G1GETF-B041 8GB eMMC memory

"9150VD106" power management IC (potentially from Qorvo)

Qorvo ACT88760 power management IC

JAE ST11-H microSD connector

STM "GP081GPR" microcontroller (appears to be a custom version)