Hello,
Just a sanity check first,
- did you run the test with a NFC card you know has worked in the past, and / or works with another phone?
- update the OS, and reboot the system (sometimes android fails to initialise NFC)
- re-seat the battery to re-seat the NFC antenna?
The Fairphone 5's NFC antenna is a built-in part of the battery, (pins 3&4 on the battery connector.)
so you are able to swap out the antenna by swapping out the battery.
But the actual chip itself is soldered to the main board and is not designed to be user serviceable without considerable skill and tooling
the schematics list it on page 40 as U3902 and on page 76 as ST21NFCD/ST54F
Your best bet to restore this functionality is to contact Fairphone support directly and ask about a warranty repair
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