The iGPU is just the Intel graphics engine within the CPU unit.
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So the fact you are able to get the system to work within Linux from an external drive removes the CPU/iGPU logic it’s self it also likely removes the possibility of a bad RAM chip as the iGPU uses it for buffering. So at this point I think you need to create a USB thumb drive that is bootable with a fresh install of macOS release you are using. Let’s see it that too fails
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So the fact you are able to get the system to work within Linux from an external drive removes the CPU/iGPU logic it’s self, it also likely removes the possibility of a bad RAM chip as the iGPU uses it for buffering. So at this point I think you need to create a USB thumb drive that is bootable with a fresh install of macOS release you are using. Let’s see it that too fails
The iGPU is just the Intel graphics engine within the CPU unit.
So the fact you are able to get the system to work within Linux from an external drive removes the CPU/iGPU logic it’s self it also likely removes the possibility of a bad RAM chip as the iGPU uses it for buffering. So at this point I think you need to create a USB thumb drive that is bootable with a fresh install of macOS release you are using. Let’s see it that too fails