Some Toshiba laptops from ~2010 and newer have a WLAN whitelist that isn’t honest about its presence like the IBM and HP ones before they gave up on it. Is the card a Toshiba specific card with the right FCC ID? If not, that’s what they like to use a lot of the time to see.
Try another card that’s super obviously not from Toshiba (think like pulling a card from a Dell or HP, and putting in the Toshiba) and see what it does - if it happens then, it’s a WL issue most likely. If not, the card may be defective.