It might be repairable! It depends on your skills and getting access to the needed parts.
When you plugged it in to the other systems USB port you some how damaged the logic (I wouldn’t use that systems USB port as it could damage something else)
Here’s a guide which will get you in and access to the logic board [guide|6197]
[image|2254910]
Checking the discreet SMT devices is about all you can do unless you can get a parts unit to swap out the logic board.
Otherwise you’ll need to get a replacement drive.