Hi!
Could be a lot of things.
Did you tried another (known working or new) HDD?
Would try this first and see if it works.
Also encountered this when one of the antenna’s are broken. Replacing this can solve it.
Could also caused by a bad drive, but is uncommon, so this is most likely not the issue.
Could also be caused by something on the motherboard, so then you do need to run some tests.
It could be a lot of things unfortunately…