Hi Paulina (@paulinasaes),
Your panic log contains the magic phrase:
[code]Missing sensor(s): mic1[/code]
This is a definite hardware failure; the phone's processor is having trouble trying to talk to the sensor named mic1. On your phone that sensor is located on the charging port assembly, AKA the Lightning Connector Assembly in iFixit parlance. Very high probability that replacing that part will fix the issue you're having. Here's the guide giving you step by step directions on how to make that repair.
[guide|133871|iPhone SE 2020 Lightning Connector Assembly Replacement - iFixit Repair Guide|new_window=true]
As for the part, you can actually buy it right here on iFixit!
[product|IF371-005|iPhone 8 Lightning Connector Assembly|new_window=true]
Yes, I know it says iPhone 8, but the SE 2020 was based off the iPhone 8 design; they basically just upgraded the processor and reused much of the iPhone 8 hardware, so if you go looking for that part on other sites, be aware that you can buy one for either the SE 2020 or the 8, and either will work. Don't forget a sheet of precut adhesive to glue the screen back on when you're done, and you'll be all set!
Best of luck with your repair, and be sure to come on back and let us know how it all goes!