I believe that your Mac supports SATA III SSD's and shouldn't have issues even with newer SSD's like that one, but could you share the specifics on the SSD model number? Do you have another machine you can put this drive into to validate that the drive is actually good?
Another thought is that the cable which mates with the motherboard looks a little dirty on the connector side. It wouldn't be a bad idea to gently clean it with isopropyl alcohol.