I had a similar issue on my Realme 9 pro plus but I don't think the problem was very specific to my phone model.
Phone dialer by Google and Contacts by Google both were crashing and after a while I noticed all the apps dependent on contacts were crashing too like Whatsapp, Telegram, even Truecaller.
I tried clearing Phone App cache and data, Contacts app cache and data but the problem persisted. I updated my phone's operating system to the latest version available still no good.
Here's the solution I found after picking through my app settings.
# Go to App Management
# Click on the 3 dot and enable "Show System Apps"
# Then find an app called "Contacts Storage" -> This is the root of the issue. Data got corrupted causing crashes.
# Clear cache and data of this app.
# Now try opening the dialer or the contacts app and they should work fine.
I hope this helps.