This panic log indicates "i2c0::_checkBusStatus SCL is stuck low" [br]
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This is referencing an electronics protocol, i2c or more properly I^^2^^C, that the board uses for different chips to communicate. Without getting into too much nitty gritty, the "stuck low" part means that the voltage on part of this circuit is stuck in a low voltage state. So whatever communication is trying to occur, isn't coming through.
iPhones have a few different i2c groups. On the XS Max, i2c0 includes largely charging related items and one of the two rear cameras. The first thing I would think is the battery. Since it's a pretty common source of failure and a lot of the communication on this line is related to charging.