The root cause is a faulty firmware in the Samsung GT-I9300 eMMC chip (VTU00M) used in the first products,
The solution is to update the eMMC firmware, I just did got the same problem and the solution works 100%
Here is the explanation of the problem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OY7OlY0OW2Q
Hare is the step by step guide and the needed files to fix it: https://theandroid02.github.io/i9300-EMMC-GUIDE/
The only thing you need after is a valid EFS partion backup to be restored to the phone, for example via the TWRP > terminal > dd command if you have a valid dd backup copy of your original EFS partion.