First of all you should have ignored Windows request to initialize. I mean it is Microsoft we are talking about (eyes rolling).
You use Linux so you must be fairly "techie" so try TESTDISK to recover your partition and files.
https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk
It is freeware and well respected. I've recovered many a drive with it.
The professional way to go would be to do a sector by sector copy to another 1 TB before attempting recovery but if not possible just do TESTDISK.
There are other partition/file recovery program. Some are free and some cost but they cost a lot less than a data recovery person like me.
Let me know how it goes.