If the board is shorted somewhere, no one can protect you. Even with mechanical HDDs. The board is replaceable so data might be recoverable. But shorted controller board may act erratically and ruin everything on the disk. Electronically I'd say they are about the same.
But mechanically HDD is nowhere near SSD. The chip packaging in the SSD are exteremely durable, even aircraft black boxes use similar design, with a tougher case obviously.